Guidelines and Background Documents for Development of National Drought Plan (Annex I, Chapter 2). The chapter provides guidelines for selecting and calculating indicators or indices to monitor and forecast drought onset, end and impacts, and identify triggers for different management responses during drought. Drought is a natural hazard highly suitable to monitoring because the slow onset of droughts makes is possible to observe changes in precipitation, temperature, soil moisture, surface, and groundwater reserves and social and economic behaviours.
Sustainable Land Management practices from [term:name] for arid areas in the WOCAT database.
Sustainable Land Management practices from [term:name] for semi-arid areas in the WOCAT database.
Sustainable Land Management practices from [term:name] for tropical areas in the WOCAT database.
Sustainable Land Management practices from [term:name] for sub-tropical areas in the WOCAT database.
The objective of the technical report is to provide a comprehensive review of existing synthesis reports and primary literature in order to: (a) highlight the potential of land-based interventions to mitigate the effects of drought by increasing the resilience of ecosystems and the socioeconomic well-being of populations; and (b) provide guidance to support the adoption and implementation of land-based interventions for drought management and mitigation in the context of LDN. This is a planned contribution to the Work Program 2018-2019 of the UNCCD’s Science-Policy Interface (SPI).
The Land-Drought Nexus: Enhancing the role of land-based interventions in drought mitigation and risk management (Chapter 3). D-SLM the conceptual framework presented by the SPI brings gender equality issues to the center of LDN. Unpacking the complexities of gender. It will enable a better understanding of how men and women are best able to cope with droughts in the developing world.
Guidelines and Background Documents for Development of National Drought Plan (Annex II). The assumption that negative impacts of drought have similar effects on both women and men has existed for a long time. However, it is now recognized that women and men are affected by drought differently, and that gender inequalities diminish women’s capacity to cope with drought. It has been acknowledged that women are important holders of drought-related adaptation and risk reduction knowledge and skills. Therefore, there is an urgent need to adopt gender-responsive approaches in drought preparedness policy making and programming to enable the crucial role of women as actors in drought-risk management initiatives.
A proper enabling environment establishes the rights and assets of all stakeholders (individuals as well as public and private sector organizations and companies, women as well as men, the poor as well as the better off), while ensuring for environmental quality. The enabling environment essentially consists of “rules of the game” that are laid out as to achieve a sustainable balance between the social, economic and environmental needs for water. These rules can be defined by the use of: (1) Policies; (2) Legislative Frameworks; and (3) Financing and Investment Structures.
It is often said that the current water crisis is mainly a crisis of governance, much more than a crisis of water shortage or water pollution per se. In the context of IWRM, governance is defined as the range of political, social, economic and administrative institutions that are in place (or need to be in place) to develop and manage water resources in sustainable manners. This section identifies four institutional roles that must be fulfilled for water governance systems to achieve sound IWRM practices: B1 – Regulation and Enforcement; B2 – Water Supply and Sanitation Services; B3 – Coordination and Facilitation; and B4 – Capacity Building.
Management instruments are specific methods that enable decision makers to make rational and informed choices when it comes to water management and to tailor their actions to specific situations. Good water governance, according to IWRM principles brings together perspectives and knowledge from different domains. Consequently, the instruments presented here are based on a variety of disciplines such as hydrology, hydraulics, environmental sciences, system engineering, legal sciences, sociology, and economics.
